Identification of Root Causes of Supply Chain and Supplier Risks in the Automotive Industry

Abstract

This study aimed to identify, analyze, and prioritize the root causes of supply chain and supplier risks in the automotive industry, focusing on Iran Khodro Company and its suppliers. This research employed a descriptive-analytical method with data collected from Iran Khodro Company and 35 of its suppliers through random sampling and expert surveys. Root causes were identified through extensive literature review and expert consultations, followed by a two-round Delphi method for validation. The findings were weighted and prioritized based on expert consensus, using risk assessment indices and statistical analysis. The study identified key risk factors including lack of safety actuator systems, inadequate safety supervision, insufficient job competency, and absence of safety training as the most critical root causes. Additional significant risks were work-related stress, inadequate preventive maintenance, and failure to use personal protective equipment. Design inefficiencies, absence of safety sensors and ventilation systems, and hidden psychological factors also contributed to supply chain vulnerabilities. The results highlight systemic issues within the automotive supply chain that increase operational risks and disrupt supply chain continuity. Addressing root causes such as safety system inadequacies, employee competency, and preventive maintenance is essential for enhancing supply chain resilience in the automotive industry. Implementing advanced safety measures, fostering employee training, and adopting digital tools can mitigate supply chain risks and improve operational efficiency. The study underscores the need for comprehensive risk management strategies to ensure sustainable and resilient supply chain operations.